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useAnimate

Create an animate function with scoped selectors and automatic cleanup.

useAnimate provides a way of using the animate function that is scoped to the elements within your component.

It provides a scope ref, and an animate function where every DOM selector is scoped to this ref.

function Component() {
  const [scope, animate] = useAnimate()

  useEffect(() => {
    // This "li" selector will only select children
    // of the element that receives `scope`.
    animate("li", { opacity: 1 })
  })
  
  return <ul ref={scope}>{children}</ul>
}

function Component() {
  const [scope, animate] = useAnimate()

  useEffect(() => {
    // This "li" selector will only select children
    // of the element that receives `scope`.
    animate("li", { opacity: 1 })
  })
  
  return <ul ref={scope}>{children}</ul>
}

Additionally, when the component calling useAnimate is removed, all animations started with its returned animate function will be cleaned up automatically.

#`useAnimate()` vs `<motion.div />`

Declarative animations via motion components tend to be simpler to write and maintain. However, imperative animations via useAnimate() are very powerful, allowing:

Complex animation sequencing
Playback controls (pause/play etc)
Animate MotionValues directly
Animating "black box" components, where you don't have direct access to rendered components, via DOM selectors

Ultimately which you use depends on your needs and usecase.

#Usage

Import from "framer-motion".

import { useAnimate } from "framer-motion"

import { useAnimate } from "framer-motion"

useAnimate returns two arguments, a scope ref and an animate function.

function Component() {
  const [scope, animate] = useAnimate()

function Component() {
  const [scope, animate] = useAnimate()

This scope ref must be passed to either a regular HTML/SVG element or a motion component.

function Component({ children }) {
  const [scope, animate] = useAnimate()
  
  return <ul ref={scope}>{children}</ul>
}

function Component({ children }) {
  const [scope, animate] = useAnimate()
  
  return <ul ref={scope}>{children}</ul>
}

This scoped animate function can now be used in effects and event handlers to animate elements.

We can either use the scoped element directly:

animate(scope.current, { opacity: 1 }, { duration: 1 })

animate(scope.current, { opacity: 1 }, { duration: 1 })

Or by passing it a selector.

animate("li", { backgroundColor: "#000" }, { ease: "linear" })

animate("li", { backgroundColor: "#000" }, { ease: "linear" })

This selector is "li", but we're not selecting all li elements on the page, only those that are a child of the scoped element.

#Scroll-triggered animations

Animations can be triggered when the scope scrolls into view by using useAnimate with useInView.

import { useAnimate, useInView } from "framer-motion"

function Component() {
  const [scope, animate] = useAnimate()
  const isInView = useInView(scope)
  
  useEffect(() => {
     if (isInView) {
       animate(scope.current, { opacity: 1 })
     }
  }, [isInView])
  
  return (
    <ul ref={scope}>
      <li />
      <li />
      <li />
    </ul>
  )
}

import { useAnimate, useInView } from "framer-motion"

function Component() {
  const [scope, animate] = useAnimate()
  const isInView = useInView(scope)
  
  useEffect(() => {
     if (isInView) {
       animate(scope.current, { opacity: 1 })
     }
  }, [isInView])
  
  return (
    <ul ref={scope}>
      <li />
      <li />
      <li />
    </ul>
  )
}

#Exit animations

It's possible to compose your own exit animations when a component is removed using useAnimate in conjunction with usePresence.

import { useAnimate, usePresence } from "framer-motion"

function Component() {
  const [isPresent, safeToRemove] = usePresence()
  const [scope, animate] = useAnimate()
  
  useEffect(() => {
     if (isPresent) {
       const enterAnimation = async () => {
         await animate(scope.current, { opacity: 1 })
         await animate("li", { opacity: 1, x: 0 })
       }
       enterAnimation()

     } else {
       const exitAnimation = async () => {
         await animate("li", { opacity: 0, x: -100 })
         await animate(scope.current, { opacity: 0 })
         safeToRemove()
       }
       
       exitAnimation()
     }
  }, [isPresent])
  
  return (
    <ul ref={scope}>
      <li />
      <li />
      <li />
    </ul>
  )
}

import { useAnimate, usePresence } from "framer-motion"

function Component() {
  const [isPresent, safeToRemove] = usePresence()
  const [scope, animate] = useAnimate()
  
  useEffect(() => {
     if (isPresent) {
       const enterAnimation = async () => {
         await animate(scope.current, { opacity: 1 })
         await animate("li", { opacity: 1, x: 0 })
       }
       enterAnimation()

     } else {
       const exitAnimation = async () => {
         await animate("li", { opacity: 0, x: -100 })
         await animate(scope.current, { opacity: 0 })
         safeToRemove()
       }
       
       exitAnimation()
     }
  }, [isPresent])
  
  return (
    <ul ref={scope}>
      <li />
      <li />
      <li />
    </ul>
  )
}

This component can now be conditionally rendered as a child of AnimatePresence.

<AnimatePresence>
  {show ? <Component key="dialog" /> : null}
</AnimatePresence>

<AnimatePresence>
  {show ? <Component key="dialog" /> : null}
</AnimatePresence>

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