The vertical spacing between lines of text, measured from baseline to baseline and also known as line-height in CSS. Proper leading improves readability—too tight feels cramped while too loose breaks visual connection between lines. Generally, set leading between 1.4 and 1.6 times the font size for body text.

The height of lowercase letters in a typeface, measured using the letter ‘x’, affecting perceived size and readability. Fonts with larger x-heights appear larger and more readable at small sizes. Consider x-height when selecting fonts for body text.

The invisible line where the bottom of most letters sit, used as a reference point for aligning text and maintaining vertical rhythm. Baseline alignment ensures multiple text elements appear visually connected even at different sizes. Understanding baselines helps create polished typography in multi-column layouts.

Ascenders are upward strokes on lowercase letters that extend above the x-height and influence legibility and typographic rhythm.

Cap Height is a type metric describing the vertical height of capital letters, used to align and compare typefaces.

A Descender is a typographic stroke extending below the baseline in letters such as g, p, and y, affecting line spacing and readability.

Justified text alignment stretches line spacing so text aligns on both margins, improving visual structure but requiring careful spacing control.

Midline is a typographic reference line that aligns the tops of short lowercase letters and helps define x-height proportion.

Readability describes how comfortably users can consume written content, influenced by typography, line length, spacing, and visual contrast.

In Framer, balanced text can make headlines and supporting copy feel more intentional across screen sizes by reducing awkward single-word lines.